The current statutory classification system for large amusement rides is primarily based on equipment structure and kinematic characteristics, providing a solid foundation for the supervision of manufacturing and inspection of special equipment. To address the issue of inadequate consideration of passengers’ physiological responses in existing amusement ride classification methods, this paper proposes a new risk classification method by combining equipment operational parameters with passenger physiological response characteristics. The study introduces and optimizes the risk biomechanical index (RBI) model, selecting five core equipment parameters—operating height, operating speed, comprehensive coefficient of restraint device and acceleration, seat inclination, and cabin configuration—as risk factors. Through the construction of a multiplicative model to calculate the comprehensive RBI, the facilities are categorized into five levels from extremely low to extremely high. Through risk calculations on 1746 amusement rides nationwide, the rationality and applicability of the model’s classification are verified. This method can provide support for operational risk warnings, design improvements, and safety management, demonstrating significant practical value.
Key words
Amusement ride /
Risk classification /
Passengers’ physiological responses /
Biomechanical /
Risk index /
Passenger safety
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