特种设备学报 >

2026 , Vol. 1 >Issue 1: 100 - 109

DOI: https://doi.org/10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.01.008

理论创新

基于弹塑性的圆筒许用轴向压缩应力计算方法研究

  • 焦鹏 ,
  • 许滉洋 ,
  • 丁之桓 ,
  • 张明亨 ,
  • 周庆华 ,
  • 陈志平
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  • 浙江大学能源工程学院特种装备研究所 杭州 310027
焦鹏（1993 —）,男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为承压结构强度与轻量化设计,E-mail: jiaop@zju.edu.cn。
陈志平（1965—）,男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为能源装备及高端承压设备,E-mail: zhiping@zju.edu.cn。

收稿日期: 2026-01-05

  网络出版日期: 2026-01-30

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（52305166）; 浙江省自然科学基金（LQ24E050002）

收起

Research on Calculation Method for Allowable Axial Compressive Stress of Cylinders Based on Elasto-Plastic Theory

  • JIAO Peng ,
  • XU Huangyang ,
  • DING Zhihuan ,
  • ZHANG Mingheng ,
  • ZHOU Qinghua ,
  • CHEN Zhiping
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  • Institute of Advanced Equipment, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027

Received date: 2026-01-05

  Online published: 2026-01-30

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摘要

圆筒是压力容器领域中重要的基础件,轴压屈曲是其设计过程中需要重点关注的失效模式。我国压力容器基础设计标准GB/T 150系列标准中有关圆筒许用轴向压缩应力计算方法一直沿用美国ASME方法,所提年代久远,理论基础是线性屈曲,准确性一般。经过十多年潜心研究,笔者所在研究团队基于弹塑性理论和能量壁垒理论提出了新的圆筒许用轴向压缩应力计算方法,并被纳入GB/T 150.1—2024《压力容器 第1部分：通用要求》中,结束了我国轴压圆筒屈曲设计长期采用美国ASME方法的历史。本文详细阐述了新方法的适用范围、应用流程以及理论基础,通过与国内外公开文献报道的轴压圆筒屈曲应力试验值、工业规模大型圆筒件实际承载值以及现行欧美标准方法的多方面对比分析,证明了新方法的准确性、先进性和可靠性。预期新方法能为未来我国压力容器领域中大型圆筒结构的轻量化发展提供一定的理论基础和技术支撑。

关键词： 轴压圆筒; 能量壁垒理论; 弹塑性屈曲; 许用轴向压缩应力; 计算方法

本文引用格式

焦鹏 , 许滉洋 , 丁之桓 , 张明亨 , 周庆华 , 陈志平 . 基于弹塑性的圆筒许用轴向压缩应力计算方法研究[J]. 特种设备学报, 2026 , 1(1) : 100 -109 . DOI: 10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.01.008

Abstract

Cylinders are fundamental components in the field of pressure vessels, and axial compression buckling is a critical failure mode that must be addressed during the design process. The calculation method for the allowable axial compressive stress of cylinders in China’s fundamental design standard for pressure vessels, GB/T 150, has long been based on the American ASME method. This method, established decades ago, relies on linear buckling theory and exhibits limited accuracy. After more than a decade of dedicated research, the authors’ team proposed a new calculation method for the allowable axial compressive stress of cylinders based on elasto-plastic theory and the energy barrier theory. This method has been incorporated into GB/T 150.1—2024 Pressure Vessels—Part 1: General Requirements, marking an end to the long-standing reliance on the American ASME method for the buckling design of axially compressed cylinders in China. This paper elaborates on the scope of application, implementation process, and theoretical foundation of the new method. Through comprehensive comparative analyses with experimental data of buckling stresses for axially compressed cylinders reported in domestic and international literature, actual load-bearing capacities of large-scale industrial cylindrical components, and existing European and American standard methods, the advanced nature and safety of the new method are demonstrated. It is anticipated that this method will provide theoretical and technical support for the lightweight development of large cylindrical structures in China’s pressure vessel industry in the future.

Key words： Axially compressed cylinder; Energy barrier theory; Elasto-plastic buckling; Allowable axial compressive stress; Calculation method

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