基于设备参数与乘客生理反应的游乐设施风险分级方法研究

doi:10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.02.009

特种设备学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2) : 62-68. DOI: 10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.02.009

郑志涛^1，2, 葛星茂^1，3, 李海庭^1，2, 刘然^1，2

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Study on Risk Classification Method of Amusement Rides Based on Operational Parameters and Passengers’ Physiological Responses

ZHENG Zhitao^{1, 2}, GE Xingmao^{1, 3}, LI Haiting^{1, 2}, LIU Ran^{1, 2}

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文章历史 +

摘要

大型游乐设施的现行法定分类体系主要基于设备结构与运动特性，为特种设备的制造与检验监管提供了坚实基础。针对现有游乐设施分类方法对乘客生理反应体现不足问题，本文将设备运行参数与乘客生理反应特征相结合，提出了一种游乐设施风险分级新方法。研究引入并优化生物力学风险指数（Risk Biomechanical Index, RBI）风险分级模型，选取高度、速度、束缚与加速度、座位倾斜度和座舱型式5项核心设备参数作为风险因子，通过构建乘积型模型计算RBI，将设施划分为极低至超高5个级别。通过对全国1 746台游乐设施进行风险计算，验证了模型分类的合理性和适用性，可为运营提示、设计改进和安全管理提供支持，具有良好的实际推广价值。

Abstract

The current statutory classification system for large amusement rides is primarily based on equipment structure and kinematic characteristics, providing a solid foundation for the supervision of manufacturing and inspection of special equipment. To address the issue of inadequate consideration of passengers’ physiological responses in existing amusement ride classification methods, this paper proposes a new risk classification method by combining equipment operational parameters with passenger physiological response characteristics. The study introduces and optimizes the risk biomechanical index (RBI) model, selecting five core equipment parameters—operating height, operating speed, comprehensive coefficient of restraint device and acceleration, seat inclination, and cabin configuration—as risk factors. Through the construction of a multiplicative model to calculate the comprehensive RBI, the facilities are categorized into five levels from extremely low to extremely high. Through risk calculations on 1746 amusement rides nationwide, the rationality and applicability of the model’s classification are verified. This method can provide support for operational risk warnings, design improvements, and safety management, demonstrating significant practical value.

导出引用

郑志涛, 葛星茂, 李海庭, 刘然. 基于设备参数与乘客生理反应的游乐设施风险分级方法研究[J]. 特种设备学报, 2026, 1(2): 62-68. https://doi.org/10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.02.009

ZHENG Zhitao, GE Xingmao, LI Haiting, LIU Ran. Study on Risk Classification Method of Amusement Rides Based on Operational Parameters and Passengers’ Physiological Responses[J].Journal of Special Equipment, 2026, 1(2): 62-68. https://doi.org/10.27022/j.issn2097-7697.2026.02.009

中图分类号： X941

参考文献

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