针对当前电梯制动性能缺乏定量性能退化模型的问题，本文开展了电梯制动器性能退化实验与建模研究。通过搭建电梯制动性能模拟实验平台，在满速满载工况下对同一组制动摩擦片进行1 500次制动实验，获取制动力矩退化实验数据。采用Gamma过程对制动力矩退化趋势进行模拟，同时通过正态分布分析制动力矩观测值与趋势值之间的随机关系，并基于蒙特卡洛模拟构建制动性能退化预测模型。结果表明：Gamma分布能有效刻画磨损增量统计规律；基于该规律构建的退化预测模型能够较好地拟合本文实验数据的退化趋势，为电梯制动器性能退化研究提供了一种有效的方法参考。

To address the current lack of quantitative performance degradation models for elevator brakes, this paper conducts performance degradation experiment and modeling studies on elevator brakes. By establishing a simulated experimental platform for elevator braking performance, 1 500 braking tests were conducted on the same set of brake friction pads under full-speed and full-load conditions to obtain experimental data on braking torque degradation. The Gamma process was used to simulate the degradation trend of braking torque, while the random relationship between observed braking torque and trend values was analyzed using a normal distribution. A braking performance degradation prediction model was then constructed based on monte carlo simulation. The results show that the Gamma distribution can effectively characterize the statistical law of wear increment. The degradation prediction model constructed based on this law fits well with the degradation trend of the experimental data in this paper, providing an effective methodological reference for the performance degradation research of elevator brakes.